WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers 2025

WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers 2025

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WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers 2025: The 2025 WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers  is fast approaching, and many students are eager to see possible questions and answers that might appear in this year’s paper.

In this post, we’ve compiled likely WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers 2025 for both Objective (OBJ) and Essay sections based on past trends and topics from the WAEC syllabus.

Note: The answers are still loading and will be updated closer to the exam. Bookmark this page or join our WhatsApp group to stay updated.

WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers 2025

WAEC Agricultural Science Essay Questions and Answers 

*WAEC AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE*

 

 *NUMBER ONE*

 

(1a)

(PICK SIX ONLY) 

(i) Poor storage facilities

(ii) Inadequate transportation infrastructure

(iii) Low agricultural productivity

(iv) Pests and diseases affecting crops

(v) Climate change and erratic rainfall

(vi) Political instability and conflicts

(vii) Lack of access to modern farming tools

(viii) High cost of farm inputs

(ix) Poor government policies

(x) Urban migration reducing rural farm labor

 

(1b) 

(PICK FOUR ONLY)

(i) Ministry of Agriculture

(ii) West African Agricultural Productivity Programme (WAAPP)

(iii) Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation (NAIC)

(iv) Agricultural Development Projects (ADPs)

(v) National Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services (NAERLS)

(vi) National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI)

 

(1ci)

(PICK THREE ONLY)

(i) Ploughing

(ii) Harrowing

(iii) Ridging

(iv) Planting

(v) Spraying

(vi) Harvesting

 

(1cii)

(PICK FIVE ONLY)

(i) High cost of purchasing tractors

(ii) Lack of access to credit facilities

(iii) Poor road networks for transporting machinery

(iv) Inadequate training on tractor use

(v) Scarcity of spare parts

(vi) Poor maintenance culture

(vii) Low level of mechanized farming

(viii) Unstable government policies

(ix) Limited government subsidies or support

(x) Lack of awareness about available mechanization programs.

WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers 2025

WAEC Agricultural Science OBJ Questions and Answers 

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*WAEC AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE*

 *NUMBER TWO*

(2a)

(PICK FOUR ONLY)

(i) Leaching: Nutrients are washed deep into the soil by rainwater beyond the reach of plant roots.

(ii) Erosion: Topsoil, which is rich in nutrients, is carried away by wind or water.

(iii) Continuous cropping: Growing crops repeatedly on the same land without replenishing nutrients reduces soil fertility.

(iv) Bush burning: Burning vegetation destroys organic matter and essential nutrients in the soil.

(v) Overgrazing: Animals feed excessively on pasture, exposing soil and increasing erosion and nutrient loss.

(vi) Harvesting of crops: Nutrients taken up by crops are removed permanently from the soil when the crops are harvested.

(vii) Poor farming practices: Practices like improper tillage and monoculture can deplete soil nutrients.

(viii) Absence of crop rotation: Growing the same crop continuously exhausts specific nutrients used by that crop.

(2bi)

ADVANTAGES:

(PICK THREE ONLY)

(i) Improves soil structure and texture

(ii) Increases organic matter content in the soil

(iii) Enhances soil microbial activity

(iv) Reduces the need for chemical fertilizers

(v) Improves water retention in the soil

(vi) Suppresses weed growth

(2bii)

DISADVANTAGES:

(PICK THREE ONLY)

(i) Takes time to decompose before planting the main crops

(ii) Requires extra labor and land for growing green manure crops

(iii) May temporarily tie up soil nutrients during decomposition

(iv) Not suitable for all soil types or crops

(v) Can attract pests or diseases if not managed properly

(vi) May increase soil acidity if used excessively

(2c)

(PICK FOUR ONLY)

(i) It leads to a loss of biodiversity

(ii) Causes soil erosion and degradation

(iii) Reduces rainfall and disrupts the water cycle

(iv) Contributes to climate change through carbon emissions

(v) Leads to desertification

(vi) Destroys habitats of wildlife

(vii) Affects the livelihoods of forest-dependent communities

(viii) Increases the risk of flooding.

*2025 WAEC AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE*

(4a) Cotton Cultivation

(i) Planting Material

Cotton is typically planted using seeds. High-quality seeds are essential for optimal germination and yield.

(ii) Spacing

Proper spacing (usually 30-100 cm between rows and 10-30 cm between plants) ensures adequate sunlight, air circulation, and nutrient uptake.

(iii) Two Varieties

(i)Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Most widely cultivated, suitable for various climates.

(iii)Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense): Known for extra-long staple fibers, often used for high-quality textiles.

(iv) Harvesting

Cotton is usually harvested using mechanical pickers or hand-picking, depending on the scale and type of cultivation.

(v)

(i)Bollworms : Larvae that feed on cotton bolls, causing damage.

(ii)Aphids : Small insects that suck sap, potentially transmitting diseases.

(vi)

(i)Textiles Cotton fibers are used to produce clothing, bedding, and other fabric products.

(ii) Oil productionCottonseed oil is used in cooking, cosmetics, and industrial applications.

(4b)

(i)Improved yield: New varieties may offer higher yields, increasingBollworms*: Larvae that feed on cotton bolls, causing damage.

(ii)Aphids : Small insects that suck sap, potentially transmitting diseases. productivity.

(ii)Disease resistance : Some new varieties may be resistant to specific diseases, reducing pesticide use.

(iii)Enhanced flavor and texture: New varieties can offer improved taste and texture, appealing to consumers.

(iv)Increased shelf life : Some new varieties may have longer shelf lives, reducing post-harvest losses.

(v)Diversified market options : Introducing new varieties can create new market opportunities and attract different consumer segments.

(4c)

(i)Feeding and watering Ensure access to nutritious feed and clean water.

(ii)Egg collectionRegularly collect eggs to prevent breakage and maintain cleanliness.

(iii)Health monitoring : Monitor birds for signs of illness or stress, and provide veterinary care as needed.

(iv)Cage cleaning and maintenance : Regularly clean cages to maintain hygiene and prevent disease.

*VERSION I*

*AGRICULTURAL ANSWERS*

(5ai)

Fencing

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i)Controlling pasture boundaries to prevent animal escape or entry.

(ii)Managing grazing patterns to prevent overgrazing.

(iii)Protecting livestock from predators.

(iv)Protecting property and crops from damage.

(v)Efficient use of pasture resources.

(5aii)

Adequate Stocking:

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i)Maximizing resource use without degradation.

(ii)Maintaining animal health and productivity.

(iii) Promoting sustainable pasture management.

(iv) Preventing overgrazing and pasture degradation.

(v)Optimizing production and reducing costs.

Here are two explanations for each of the following management practices in animal production:

(5bi)

Culling:

(PICK ANY ONE)

-Culling is the process of removing animals from a herd or flock that are no longer productive or are deemed unsuitable for breeding.

-Culling is a selective process that aims to improve the overall quality and productivity of the remaining animals.

(5bii)

Dehorning:

(PICK ANY ONE)

-Dehorning is a surgical procedure that involves removing the horns of an animal, typically cattle or goats.

-Dehorning is often performed to prevent injuries to humans and other animals, and to reduce damage to property.

(5biii)

Castration:

(PICK ANY ONE)

-Castration is a surgical procedure that involves removing the reproductive organs of male animals, typically to control breeding and behavior.

-Castration is often performed to improve the quality and tenderness of meat, and to reduce undesirable behaviors such as aggression.

(5c)

(i)Select high-quality oil palm seeds.

(ii) Sow seeds in a germination chamber or nursery bed.

(iii) Transplant germinated seeds to nursery pots or bags.

(iv) Manage the nursery environment for optimal growth.

(v) Transplant seedlings to the field after 6-12 months.

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Important Notes for 2025 Candidates

  • These questions are based on the official WAEC syllabus for Agricultural Science 2025
  • Practice them along with past papers from 2023, 2022, and 2021.
  • Don’t wait until the last minute start now.
  • Full answers will be updated as the exam date approaches.

Get Full 2025 Agricultural Science Questions and Answers (PDF)

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